Definition

1. Verb:

   • To come to a standstill: To stop completely, to cease moving or progressing.
   • To stagnate: To become inactive, sluggish, or to fail to develop or advance.

2. Adjectival Verb (used to describe a state):

   • Stagnant: Describing a situation, process, or activity that is not active or progressing.

Usage Examples

• Verb:
  • Sản xuất ngưng trệ. (Production came to a standstill.)
  • Việc làm ăn ngưng trệ. (Business was stagnant.)
• Adjectival Verb:
  • Tình hình giao thông đang ngưng trệ. (The traffic situation is stagnant.)
  • Dự án bị ngưng trệ do thiếu vốn. (The project is stalled due to lack of capital.)

Advanced Usage

• "sự ngưng trệ" (noun): A standstill; stagnation.
  • Sự ngưng trệ của nền kinh tế là đáng lo ngại. (The stagnation of the economy is concerning.)

Variants and Related Words

• Ứ đọng (v): to be congested, to accumulate without moving (often for fluids or traffic).
• Đình trệ (v): to be delayed, to be held up; very similar in meaning to "ngưng trệ".

Synonyms

• Halt: to bring or come to a stop.
• Stall: to stop making progress.
• Standstill: a condition of no movement or activity.

Related Idioms and Phrases

• Bế tắc: deadlocked, impasse (often used for situations with no solution, while "ngưng trệ" focuses on the lack of movement).
• Giậm chân tại chỗ: to mark time; to make no progress (a more figurative idiom).

1. Come to a standstill, stagnate
   • Sản xuất ngưng trệ
     Production came to a standstill
   • Việc làm ăn ngưng trệ
     Business was stagnant